Research on Anti-corrosion of Aluminum Alloy Automobiles
1.1 Anodizing
According to the experiment, after the aluminum alloy is put into a container filled with an electrolyte solution, the aluminum alloy can be anodized when the power is on. A layer of protective oxide film will be formed on the surface of the oxidized material. The composition of the film is Al2O3, which is an oxide film with two layers. The inner layer of Al2O3 has good purity and hardness, and the outer layer is mainly Al2O3·H20. Since Al2O3 does not have electrical conductivity, it forms an oxide film and adheres to the surface of the aluminum alloy to stop the electrochemical reaction. The anodic oxide film has good anti-corrosion. There are two ways to obtain aluminum alloy oxide film in industrial production, namely chemical methods and electrochemical methods. The performance of the oxide film obtained by the former is relatively poor, while the latter is widely used.
1.2 Coloring
For the oxidation coloring treatment of aluminum alloy parts, the chemical coloring process and electrolytic coloring process are commonly used at present, and these two processes have their characteristics. The cost of the two coloring processes is not high. In the automotive industry, chemical coloring is mostly used for the coloring of instrument panels and other parts. Compared with chemical coloring, electrolytic coloring has durable color and can effectively resist ultraviolet radiation. Therefore, the electrolytic coloring process is also more widely used for automotive exterior parts, such as sunroof guide rails, automotive luggage racks, etc. In the coloring treatment of auto parts, choose the coloring process reasonably to meet the requirements of the coloring of each part.
1.3 Anodized films
As mentioned above, after the aluminum alloy is anodized, a protective oxide film will be formed on the surface. This film is a porous film with good adsorption and may adsorb some toxic and harmful substances. These substances enter the interior through the pores and cause corrosion. To make the protective effect of the oxide film better, the porous film can be sealed in industrial production. When auto parts are processed, the treatment of the porous film on the surface of aluminum alloy generally utilizes the hydration dissolution reaction and redeposition reaction after the aluminum is oxidized. In the continuous reaction process, a filler will be formed on the surface of the oxide film and enter the hole to achieve a good sealing effect. After continuous research by relevant scholars, sealing technology is also constantly developing and innovating. The nickel acetate sealing technology has been gradually promoted and applied, and the sealing effect is also good. It is understood that the sol-gel method has also begun to be rapidly promoted and applied in the oxidation film sealing and anticorrosion process. This is a brand-new sealing, and I believe it will also have a good performance.
1.4 Laser surface hardening treatment
Laser has been developed for many years. With the deepening of research, the laser has also been applied to the field of anticorrosion of aluminum alloys. Using a laser to harden the surface of aluminum alloy parts can greatly improve the microhardness of the material, and make the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy parts enhanced, which is also the key to improving the anti-corrosion of aluminum alloy parts. Because the surface structure of the aluminum alloy after laser hardening has changed, and the performance of the new structure after treatment is more excellent. However, the application of laser has certain limitations, and the improvement effect on some special parts is not obvious.
According to the experiment, after the aluminum alloy is put into a container filled with an electrolyte solution, the aluminum alloy can be anodized when the power is on. A layer of protective oxide film will be formed on the surface of the oxidized material. The composition of the film is Al2O3, which is an oxide film with two layers. The inner layer of Al2O3 has good purity and hardness, and the outer layer is mainly Al2O3·H20. Since Al2O3 does not have electrical conductivity, it forms an oxide film and adheres to the surface of the aluminum alloy to stop the electrochemical reaction. The anodic oxide film has good anti-corrosion. There are two ways to obtain aluminum alloy oxide film in industrial production, namely chemical methods and electrochemical methods. The performance of the oxide film obtained by the former is relatively poor, while the latter is widely used.
1.2 Coloring
For the oxidation coloring treatment of aluminum alloy parts, the chemical coloring process and electrolytic coloring process are commonly used at present, and these two processes have their characteristics. The cost of the two coloring processes is not high. In the automotive industry, chemical coloring is mostly used for the coloring of instrument panels and other parts. Compared with chemical coloring, electrolytic coloring has durable color and can effectively resist ultraviolet radiation. Therefore, the electrolytic coloring process is also more widely used for automotive exterior parts, such as sunroof guide rails, automotive luggage racks, etc. In the coloring treatment of auto parts, choose the coloring process reasonably to meet the requirements of the coloring of each part.
1.3 Anodized films
As mentioned above, after the aluminum alloy is anodized, a protective oxide film will be formed on the surface. This film is a porous film with good adsorption and may adsorb some toxic and harmful substances. These substances enter the interior through the pores and cause corrosion. To make the protective effect of the oxide film better, the porous film can be sealed in industrial production. When auto parts are processed, the treatment of the porous film on the surface of aluminum alloy generally utilizes the hydration dissolution reaction and redeposition reaction after the aluminum is oxidized. In the continuous reaction process, a filler will be formed on the surface of the oxide film and enter the hole to achieve a good sealing effect. After continuous research by relevant scholars, sealing technology is also constantly developing and innovating. The nickel acetate sealing technology has been gradually promoted and applied, and the sealing effect is also good. It is understood that the sol-gel method has also begun to be rapidly promoted and applied in the oxidation film sealing and anticorrosion process. This is a brand-new sealing, and I believe it will also have a good performance.
1.4 Laser surface hardening treatment
Laser has been developed for many years. With the deepening of research, the laser has also been applied to the field of anticorrosion of aluminum alloys. Using a laser to harden the surface of aluminum alloy parts can greatly improve the microhardness of the material, and make the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy parts enhanced, which is also the key to improving the anti-corrosion of aluminum alloy parts. Because the surface structure of the aluminum alloy after laser hardening has changed, and the performance of the new structure after treatment is more excellent. However, the application of laser has certain limitations, and the improvement effect on some special parts is not obvious.
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